Bourbon has seen a surge in popularity over the past decade, making it more accessible than ever before. But what exactly is bourbon? How can you determine the quality of the bourbon you're enjoying? And what types of bourbon are out there? This quick guide is here to provide you with all the information you need to learn about bourbon and its production.
Bourbon is crafted from a fermented mash of grains, with regulations in the United States requiring a grain blend of at least 51% corn and distillation not exceeding 160 proof (80% alcohol). It is then aged in fresh, charred oak barrels, with the duration of aging varying based on desired flavor profiles. While most bourbons age between two to four years, some can mature for 12 years or longer, resulting in a mellowed flavor and the iconic amber hue of bourbon.
High-quality bourbon is often described as having a smooth, warm, and sweet taste with hints of vanilla and caramel. If it seems too harsh or bitter, it may not be the best quality bourbon. The taste is influenced by the aging process, with longer aging typically resulting in a higher price point, though not always. If you're not a fan of the initial taste, try experimenting with adding some water or mixers to find a flavor that suits your palate.
There are three main classifications of bourbon and two methods of production. Straight bourbon, blended bourbon, and small-batch bourbon make up the classifications, while column stills and pot stills are the two methods used. Straight bourbons utilize both a pot still and column still; blended bourbons combine multiple types of whiskey with column distilled liquor for consistency, and small-batch bourbons are produced by a single distillery using pot stills.
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